Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study cohort
|  | HIV+ (n = 20) | no HAND (n = 10) | HAND (n = 10) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 52.2 (47–59) | 51.3 (46.-61) | 52.3 (50–58) |
Gender (male, n, %) | 20 (100) | 10 (100) | 10 (100) |
Race (n, %) | |||
 Black | 5 (25) | 2 (20) | 3 (30) |
 White | 15 (75) | 8 (80) | 7 (70) |
Smoking (n, %) | 12 (75) | 7 (70) | 5 (83) |
Alcohol use (n, %) | 3 (15) | 1 (10) | 2 (20) |
Cocaine use (n, %) | 4 (20) | 0 (0) | 4 (40) |
Hepatitis C seropositivity (n, %) | 9 (45) | 5 (50) | 4 (40) |
Cerebrovascular disease (n, %) | 3 (15) | 0 (0) | 3 (30) |
Depression (n, %) | 8 (44) | 5 (50) | 3 (37) |
Duration of HIV infection (years) | 13.3 (10–21) | 15.5 (13–21) | 11.5 (6–19) |
HIV RNA | |||
 Plasma VL | 700 (48–44,131) | 38.4 (26–17,774) | 4064 (700–236,292) |
 Plasma (< 50 copies/ml) | 13 (65) | 9 (90) | 4 (40) |
 CSF (< 50 copies/ml) * | 16 (94) | 9 (100) | 7 (87) |
CD4 count (cells/μl) | 162 (116–373) | 262.5 (146–411) | 157 (75–182) |
 < 350 cells/μl | 13 (65) | 5 (50) | 8 (80) |
Nadir CD4 count (cells/μl) | 31.5 (12–64) | 15 (12–46) | 55 (23–71) |
 < 200 cells/μl (n, %) | 18 (90) | 9 (90) | 9 (90) |
CSF WBC (cells/μl) | 1 (0–2) | 2 (1–2) | 0 (0–1) |
ART use (n, %) | 18 (90) | 10 (100) | 8 (80) |
 Protease inhibitors | 16 (80) | 8 (80) | 8 (80) |
 Nucleoside RT inhibitors | 17 (85) | 10 (100) | 7 (70) |
 Integrase inhibitors | 4 (20) | 2 (20) | 2 (20) |
HIV encephalitis | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 1 (10)** |