Fig. 2

Peritoneal infusion with LPS increased the accumulation of proinflammatory cytokines in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). Representative gels (inset) and densitometric analysis from Western blot showed the total protein expression of (a) TNF-α, (b) IL-β, and (c) IL-6 in the NTS after peritoneal infusion with saline or LPS for 7 days with additional intracisternal (IC) infusion of saline, PTX, or mino. GAPDH was used as the internal control for total protein expression. Values are the mean ± SEM of 6 to 8 animals in each group. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001 vs the control (C) group and ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01, ^###P < 0.001 vs the LPS group according to post hoc Tukey’s multiple range analysis. C, control, infused with saline; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase; L, LPS, lipopolysaccharides; mino, minocycline; PTX, pentoxifylline