Fig. 2

ACM from astrocytes treated with Ex-4 reduced the OGD+RO-induced increase in bEnd.3 cell permeability. a Representative western blots for GFAP and GLP-1R in astrocytes, along with the loading control GAPDH. b Gray values for GFAP and GLP-1R were normalized to GAPDH. The data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 6). c The TEER value of bEnd.3 monolayer cultured with different ACMs for 24 h was assessed. d The ability of NaF to cross the bEnd.3 monolayer cultured with different ACMs for 24 h was assessed. e LDH release of bEnd.3 monolayer cultured with different ACMs for 24 h was assessed. ACM-Medium, cultured with ACM from untreated astrocytes; ACM-200 nM Ex4, cultured with ACM from astrocytes treated with 200 nM Ex-4 for 24 h; ACM-OGD+RO, cultured with ACM from astrocytes treated with OGD for 4 h plus RO for 24 h; ACM-OGD+RO +Ex-4, cultured with ACM from astrocytes treated with OGD for 4 h plus RO for 24 h in the presence of different Ex-4 concentrations. All bEnd.3 cell monolayers were pretreated with Ex(9-39) before culture with different ACMs. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01, ANOVA plus SNK test (c–e) or Student’s t test (b)