Fig. 4

LPS inhibits autophagosome formation in N9 microglial cells by activating the PI3KI/AKT/MTOR pathway. Microglial cells were treated with 1 μg/mL LPS for the indicated times. The protein levels of PI3KI, p-AKT, AKT, p-MTOR, MTOR (a), p-p70S6K and p70S6K (e) were analyzed by western blotting and quantified (b–d, f). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001 vs control