Fig. 1

Sustained hippocampal expression of IL-1β reduces amyloid plaque burden in APP/PS1 mice. a Schematic of viral vector transduction and methoxy-X04 injections in APP/PS1 mice. APP/PS1 mice, aged 7–8 months, were treated with adenoviral vectors encoding cleaved, human IL-1β (rAAV2-IL-1β) or vector control (rAAV2-Phe) via intrahippocampal injection for 3–4 weeks. Three days prior to sacrifice and analysis, mice were given an i.p. injection of the fluorescent Aβ probe, methoxy-04 (MX04). b Representative images of 6E10 and MX04 IHC staining of amyloid plaques in APP/PS1 mice transduced with either rAAV2-Phe or rAAV2-IL-1β. Scale bar = 30 μm. Quantification of 6E10 (upper) and MX04 (lower) displayed as percent area of hippocampus covered by amyloid plaques. c Representative images of Iba1 and GFAP staining of microglia/macrophages and astrocytes, respectively in APP/PS1 mice transduced with either rAAV2-Phe or rAAV2-IL-1β. Scale bar = 30 μm. Percent area of Iba1 (upper) and GFAP (lower) staining in the hippocampus. n = 6 per group. Data displayed as mean ± SEM, unpaired t test, ****p < 0.0001, **p < 0.005