Fig. 9

ATF3, Iba1, and GFAP immunoreactivity and expression of neuronal and inflammatory markers in the ipsilateral TG from sham and DED mice. a Localization of the ophthalmic branch (V1, red rectangle), maxillary branch (V2), and mandibular branch (V3) in a mouse TG using the IB4 marker. b ATF3 (arrowheads), Iba1 (arrows), and GFAP (asterisks) immunoreactivity of sham and DED mice at d21. Scale bar = 50 μm. c Quantification of Iba1 and GFAP immunoreactivity (percentage of the area immunostained with GFAP and Iba1). d RT-qPCR analysis of the ipsilateral TG at d21 post-surgery. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 relative to the sham group (n = 5–9 per group). Results are expressed as the mean ± SEM at d21 post-surgery