Fig. 6From: TGFβRI antagonist inhibits HIV-1 Nef-induced CC chemokine family ligand 2 (CCL2) in the brain and prevents spatial learning impairmentBlocking TGFβR1 with SD208 decreases CCL2 expression in rats infused with astrocytes expressing Nef. Mean fluorescence intensity and representative rat brain tissue sections immunostained for macrophage chemoattractant marker CCL2 (green): cortex (a), dentate gyrus (b), CA3 (c), and CA1 (d). ***p < 0.0001. Scale bar is 100 μmBack to article page