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Fig. 1 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 1

From: HMGB1/RAGE axis mediates stress-induced RVLM neuroinflammation in mice via impairing mitophagy flux in microglia

Fig. 1

The levels of the HMGB1 protein both in CSF and in the RVLM was upregulated after 15 days of stress exposure in mice. a ELISA analysis showed the HMGB1 level in CSF. b Double immunofluorescent staining of HMGB1 in the RVLM of mice brain. The colocalization of HMGB1 with microglia indicates HMGB1 expression both in cytoplasm and nuclear in microglia (red, HMGB1; green, microglia; blue, nucleus/DAPI) (scale bar = 30 μm). c Immunohistochemistry density analysis quantifies the expression of HMGB1. d The levels of colocalization of HMGB1 and OX42 were assessed by using the Pearson coefficient. e Representative band of HMGB1 in nuclear and cytosolic fractions using western immunoblot. f–h Optical density analysis of the immunoblot bands of HMGB1. β-actin was used as a loading control. i, j The levels of acetylation modification of HMGB1. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. n = 6, *P < 0.05, t test

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