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Fig. 6 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 6

From: Toll-like receptor 4 agonist and antagonist lipopolysaccharides modify innate immune response in rat brain circumventricular organs

Fig. 6

Microglia complexity and ramification in the ME of rats i.p. treated with TLR-4 agonists and antagonist LPS. Immunofluorescence of NF-κB and Iba-1 in rat ME sections were performed. A The control group, B RS-LPS i.p. group, C PG-LPS i.p. group, and D EC-LPS i.p. group. In all cases, red corresponds to NF-κB immunosignal, green to iba-1 immunosignal and blue DAPI staining in the nucleus. Scale bars = 20 μm. Rectangles in dashed line indicate representative cells in each group. A’, B’, C’, and D’ show only green immune staining. Head arrows indicate NF-κB and Iba-1 positive cells (A, C, and D panels). Arrows indicate elongated morphology of Iba-1 positive cells (A’, B’, C’, and D’ panels). Asterisks indicate ameboid morphology of Iba-1 positive cells indicate (C’ and D’ panels). a, b, c, and d binary and outline images of the microglia indicated in the rectangles from images A’, B’, C’, and D’. Statistical analysis of microglia E maximum radius from the center of the cell, F circularity, G perimeter, H lacunarity, and I span ratio. a’, b’, c’, and d’ skeletonized binary images and tag skeletonized processes as orange, endpoints as blue, and junctions as purple of the microglia indicated in the rectangles from images A’, B’, C’, and D’. Statistical analysis of microglia J branches, K junctions, and L endpoint voxel. Data (n = 4) were expressed as the mean (± SEM). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, vs control. ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001 vs RS-LPS. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test

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