Fig. 2

Protective effects of IIV on cognitive function in APP/PS1 animals. a MWM analysis of the escape latency (a) in the WT mice (n = 8), WT+IIV mice (n = 14), AD mice (n = 15) and AD+IIV mice (n = 16) (mean ± SEM, two-way repeated-measures ANOVA and LSD post hoc test, *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.001). b–d Average numbers of platform crossings (c), percentage of time spent and distance traveled (d) in the target quadrant in each group and their representative traces (b) during the spatial probe phase (mean ± SEM, one-way ANOVA, and LSD post hoc analysis; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01)