Skip to main content
Fig. 4 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 4

From: Advanced oxidation protein products induce microglia-mediated neuroinflammation via MAPKs-NF-κB signaling pathway and pyroptosis after secondary spinal cord injury

Fig. 4

AOPPs trigger intracellular ROS production in BV2 cells via the activation of NADPH oxidase. a Viability of BV2 cells administrated with AOPPs-MSA in different concentrations after culturing for 24 h. b BV2 cells were treated with LPS (1 μg/mL) or AOPPs-MSA, and the expression levels of Nox2 and Nox4 were detected by Western blotting. Data are representative of at least 3 independent experiments and the values are presented as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 versus Control group. c BV2 cells were incubated in AOPPs-MSA (200 μg/mL) for indicated time durations prior to a 20-min DCFH-DA (10 μM) treatment. d BV2 cells were cultured with controls, MSA, or AOPPs-MSA for 2 h followed by a 20-min DCFH-DA (10 μM) treatment. e BV2 cells were treated with AOPPs-MSA (200 μg/mL) with or without apocynin (100 μM), DPI (10 μM), and NAC (5 mM) for 2 h. AOPP-induced ROS generation was significantly inhibited by NOX inhibitors (apocynin and DPI) and ROS scavenger (NAC). f, e BV2 cells were cultured with control medium, MSA, and different concentrations of AOPPs-MSA for 2 h. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to visualize ROS generation in BV2 cells with the use of DCFH-DA. Data are representative of at least 3 independent experiments and the values are presented as mean ± SEM. Scale bar, 100 μm. *P < 0.05 versus control (0) group. #P < 0.05 versus AOPPs-MSA group

Back to article page