Fig. 4
From: Iron overload contributes to general anaesthesia-induced neurotoxicity and cognitive deficits
GA exposure induces the phenotypes of iron-mediated ferroptosis. a Neuronal morphology. The morphological changes of rat hippocampal neurons were observed under the microscopy at × 200 magnification. Scale bar 25 μm. b Cell viability and c lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release by measurement of LDH activity in the culture medium, representing cytotoxicity from the GA-induced cellular damage 6 h after different treatments. d–g Ferroptosis-related biomarkers: ROS, MDA, GSH, and SOD. Data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 6); *p < 0.05 compared with Con group; #p < 0.05 compared with the GA (Ket or Sev) group