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Fig. 2 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 2

From: Mitigation of helium irradiation-induced brain injury by microglia depletion

Fig. 2

Treatment with PLX5622 mitigates 4He irradiation-induced cognitive dysfunction. One-month post-irradiation and PLX5622 treatment, mice were tested on the hippocampus- and frontal cortex-dependent cognitive function tasks. The tendency to explore novel location(s) or object was determined by the Discrimination index, calculated as ([Novel location exploration time/Total exploration time] − [Familiar location exploration time/Total exploration time]) × 100. a–f Behavior of control mice receiving PLX5622 treatment (0 Gy + PLX5622) was indistinguishable from the unirradiated control mice (0 Gy + Con chow) as indicated by no significant difference between discrimination indices (a–d), time spent in open arms (e), or percent time floating (f). a, c, d Exposure to 4He particles (30 cGy + Con chow) show significant behavior deficits on the novel object recognition (NOR, **p < 0.01), temporal order (TO, **p < 0.01) and novel place recognition (NPR, **p < 0.01) tasks. b The effect of either 4He particles or PLX5622 was not significant for the object in place task (OiP). a, c, d4He-irradiated mice receiving PLX5622 treatment showed significant improvements on the performance on NOR (*p < 0.05), NPR (*p < 0.05), and TO (*p < 0.05) tasks. e, f There was no significant differences between groups for the anxiety (elevated plus maze, EPM) and depression-like behavior (forced swim test, FST). Data are presented as mean ± SEM (a–cn = 8/group; d–fn = 10/group, a). p values are derived from two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01 compared with the 30 cGy + Con chow group

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