Fig. 1

AS-IV rescues MPTP-induced the loss of DA neurons and behavioral deficits in mice. a Microphotographs of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons in the substantia nigra compacta (SNc). b Stereological counts of TH-positive neurons in the SNc. c Western blotting analysis of TH in the SNc. d Quantitative analysis of TH in the SNc. Quantified data are normalized to the control group (the control group value is equal to 1). The data shown are the mean ± SEM. ^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001. n = 4 for each group. Scale bar 100 μm. e Traction score in the traction test. f Time on the rod in the rotarod test. g T-turn time in the pole test. The data shown are the mean ± SEM. ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001. n = 8–14. AS-IV, Astragaloside IV; MPTP, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1, 2, 3, 6-tetrahydropyridine