Fig. 2

Selection of lncRNAs and genes related to macrophage polarization. a Mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were isolated and identified by examining macrophage markers F4/80 and CD11b using IF staining. b BMDMs were induced for differentiating towards M1 or M2 macrophages; the mRNA expression of M1 macrophage markers iNOS and CD16 and M2 macrophage markers Arg1 and CD206 were examined in M0, M1, and M2 macrophages by real-time PCR (n = 5). c The protein levels of M1 macrophage markers iNOS and CD16 and M2 macrophage markers Arg1 and CD206 were examined by Immunoblotting (n = 3). d The expression of GBP9 and Fam91a1 were examined by real-time PCR (n = 5). e STRING analyses on differentially-expressed genes reported previously. Tnf, Socs3, and Stat1 are key factors in macrophage polarization. f–g The mRNA expression and protein levels of STAT1, p-STAT1, SOCS3, STAT6, and p-STAT6 in M0, M1, and M2 macrophages determined by real-time PCR (n = 5) and immunoblotting (n = 3). h The production of cytokines, including IL-6, IL-12, IL-10, and TGF-β1 in M0, M1, and M2 macrophages determined by ELISA (n = 3). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, compared to control group; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01, compared to M1 group