Table 1 Comparison between different groups of CADASIL patients

Age (years)

56.1 ± 9.2

59.0 ± 9.4

60.7 ± 9.3

0.22

Sex

11 (68.8%)

15 (57.7%)

14 (66.7%)

0.72

Hypertension

3 (18.8%)

14 (53.9%)

17 (81.0%)

0.001

Diabetes mellitus

3 (18.8%)

9 (34.6%)

3 (14.3%)

0.25

Hyperlipidemia

7 (43.8%)

9 (34.6%)

9 (42.9%)

0.79

Ever smoking

3 (18.8%)

8 (30.8%)

8 (38.1%)

0.47

Headache

4 (25.0%)

2 (15.4%)

1 (7.1%)

0.45

NfL

2.53 ± 0.90

3.49 ± 1.38

3.46 ±1.24

0.03

GFAP

4.42 ± 0.40

4.95 ± 1.31

5.89 ± 1.66

0.01

Tau

− 0.74 ± 1.17

− 0.21 ± 1.11

− 0.15 ± 1.34

0.29

UCHL1

2.16 ± 0.73

2.40 ± 1.24

3.07 ± 1.66

0.07

WMH*

2.2 ± 1.0

2.0 ± 0.9

2.8 ± 0.3

0.04

Number of lacunes*

3.8 ± 4.3

6.2 ± 5.4

4.7 ± 4.6

0.30

Number of CMBs^†

15.0 ± 32.2

14.5 ± 19.7

32.2 ± 29.3

0.02

Location of CMBs none/lobar/deep/mixed

5/1/2/6

5/0/7/9

0/0/1/12

0.02

Total duration (years)

2.11 ± 0.31

3.20 ± 1.62

3.78 ± 2.73

0.09

Recurrent stroke

0 (0%)

3 (11.5%)

7 (33.3%)

0.02