Fig. 1

Gating strategy for B cell subset analysis. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were gated based on forward (FSC) and side scatter (SSC) (a). After exclusion of DAPI(+) dead cells (b) and selection of CD45(+) lymphocytes (c), CD19+ B cell subsets (d) were defined as plasmablasts-plasma cells (PB-PC: CD38^hiCD10−) and transitional (TB: CD38^hiCD10+) (e), gating in the CD38^lowCD10− B cells (f) to define naive (NB: CD38^low/negCD10−IgD+CD27−), unswitched memory (UMB: CD38^low/negCD10−IgD+CD27+), switched memory (SMB: CD38^low/negCD10−IgD−CD27+), and double negative (DN: CD38^low/negCD10−IgD−CD27−). A representative case is illustrated in the figure, showing proportions of B cell subsets