Fig. 7

Stimulatory effects of ethanol on CCL2 in radial glia and neurons. Maternal ethanol administration (2 g/kg/day, E10–E15) was compared to isocaloric Control group with measurements of radial glia, neurons, and microglia in E19 female embryos. a Ethanol compared to Control group significantly increased the percentage of double-labeled CCL2⁺/BLBP⁺ radial glia cells relative to single-labeled BLBP⁺ or CCL2⁺ cells in NEP and double-labeled CCL2⁺/BLBP⁺ radial glia processes relative to single-labeled BLBP⁺ and CCL2⁺ processes in mHYP. It also increased the percentage of double-labeled CCL2⁺/NeuN⁺ neurons relative to single-labeled NeuN⁺ neurons and CCL2⁺ cells in NEP, with double-labeled CCL2⁺/NeuN⁺ neurons very sparse with no processes in the mHYP. b This effect of ethanol on double-labeled CCL2⁺/BLBP⁺ cells and processes and CCL2⁺/NeuN⁺ neurons is illustrated in × 20 images, with those in the box enlarged to the right (× 40) and showing (white arrows) the single-labeled CCL2⁺ (green) and BLBP⁺ or NeuN⁺ (red) cells and processes (white arrowheads) and the double-labeled CCL2⁺/BLBP⁺ cells and processes and CCL2⁺/NeuN⁺ cells (yellow). Data are mean ± SEM. (n = 6/group, *p < 0.05 versus control group). Differences between groups were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by SDS post hoc test. BLBP, brain lipid-binding protein; mHYP, medial hypothalamus; NEP, neuroepithelium; V, third ventricle. Scale bars, 100 μm