From: Microstructural brain abnormalities in HIV+ individuals with or without chronic marijuana use
 | SN nonusers (N = 24) | SN-MJ user (N = 22) | HIV nonusers (N = 23) | HIV + MJ user (N = 21) | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 44.6 ± 2.8 | 45.3 ± 2.1 | 46.8 ± 2.4 | 46.3 ± 1.9 | 0.904a |
Age range | (18.5–68.9) | (25.9–65.8) | (28.3–70.3) | (26–60.7) | |
# Men (%) | 21 (87.5%) | 19 (86.4%) | 22 (95.7%) | 20 (95.2%) | 0.567b |
Education (years) | 14.8 ± 0.5 | 13.7 ± 0.5 | 15.2 ± 0.4 | 14.2 ± 0.5 | 0.167a |
WTAR Predicted Verbal IQ | 109.8 ± 1.6 | 106.4 ± 2.1 | 107.9 ± 1.6 | 103.7 ± 1.9 | 0.103 a |
Race (W/As/B/NH/NA/Mixed) | 12/4/1/1/1/5 | 13/0/1/1/0/3 | 11/7/1/0/0/5 | 13/3/1/1/0/4 | 0.629b |
Index of Social Position (8–66) | 36.3 ± 3.4 | 40.2 ± 3.8 | 35.8 ± 3.3 | 44.8 ± 3.6 | 0.233a |
CES-Depression score (0–60) | 5.9 ± 0.9 | 13.0 ± 3.3 | 14.3 ± 2.0 | 13.0 ± 1.9 | 0.015a |
HIV disease-related | |||||
 Duration (months) | – | – | 327.4 ± 29.9 | 339.4 ± 31.5 | 0.837d |
 # With Detectable HIV RNA (> 40 copies/mL, %) | – | – | 3 (13.0%) | 4 (19.1 %) | 0.488b |
 Log plasma HIV RNA | – | – | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 2.0 ± 0.3 | 0.420c |
 Plasma HIV RNA (copies/mL)* | – | – | 4,064 ± 3,970 | 2,933 ± 1,774 | 0.814c |
 # (%) on combined antiretrovirals | – | – | 23 (100%) | 21 (100%) |  |
 CD4 count (#/mm3) | – | – | 511.9 ± 42.4 | 563.4 ± 65.4 | 0.514d |
 Nadir CD4 count (#/mm3) | – | – | 250.6 ± 46.4 | 218.1 ± 46.0 | 0.622d |
 HIV dementia scale (0–16) | – | – | 14.3 ± 0.5 | 14.2 ± 0.6 | 0.886d |
 Karnofsky score (0–100) | – | – | 94.5 ± 1.4 | 92.9 ± 1.4 | 0.405d |
 # (%) with HAND or equivalent** | 5 (20.8%) | 6 (27.3%) | 8 (34.8%) | 6 (28.6%) | 0.705b |
Marijuana usage, median (range) | |||||
 Age at first use (years) | – | 15.5 (8–39) | – | 16 (9–40) | 0.906d |
 Daily average use (g) | – | 0.5 (0.02–3.5) | – | 0.4 (0.04–3.6) | 0.699e |
 Total lifetime use (kg) | – | 3.5 (0.06–54.5) | – | 3.2 (0.08–39.6) | 0.941c |
 Duration of MJ use (years) | – | 27.3 (1.9–45.3) | – | 31.8 (3.7–41.7) | 0.784c |
Tobacco Smoking, median (range) | |||||
 # Lifetime tobacco smokers (%) | 12 (50.0%) | 18 (81.8%) | 11 (47.8%) | 17 (81.0%) | 0.016b |
 # Smokers in the past month (%) | 9 (37.5%) | 13 (59.1%) | 5 (21.7%) | 8 (40.0%) | 0.085b |
 Daily average use (g, range) | 24.4 (0.5–76.3) | 19.9 (0.002–61) | 29.9 (0.01–61) | 27.5 (2.0–39.3) | 0.774e |
 Total lifetime use (pack-year)¶ (range) | 10.8 (0.01–39.9) | 16.1 (0.0001–59.3) | 14.0 (0.0002–50.4) | 16.4 (0.2–37.0) | 0.733e |
 Duration of use (year, range) | 14.8 (0.6–32.5) | 23.9 (1–48.1) | 17.9 (0.6–35.9) | 25.8 (2.9–41.7) | 0.241e |
 Duration of abstinence (months)¶ | 0 (0–390) | 0 (0–483) | 3 (0–332) | 0 (0–370) | 0.367e |
Alcohol usage, median (range) | |||||
 # Lifetime alcohol users (%) | 22 (91.7%) | 19 (86.4%) | 21 (95.5%) | 20 (95.2%) | 0.651b |
 Regular use (> 1/week) in the past month (%) | 6 (25.0%) | 14 (63.6%) | 6 (27.3%) | 7 (33.3%) | 0.004b |
 Daily average use (mL)¶ | 9.4 (0.06–48.9) | 12.3 (0.4–41.8) | 6.1 (0.2–63.0) | 7.7 (0.4–186.9) | 0.632e |
 Total lifetime use (L, range) | 71.5 (0.1–655) | 110.3 (0.9–613) | 86.8 (0.4–968) | 56.6 (0.1–2491) | 0.767e |
 Duration of use (years)¶ | 22.9 (2.3–46.5) | 25.0 (5.7–45.5) | 23.2 (9.0–46.6) | 29.1 (0.9–44.8) | 0.792e |
 Duration of abstinence (months)¶ | 0 (0–63) | 0 (0–59) | 1 (0–89) | 0 (0–91) | 0.197e |