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Fig. 3 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 3

From: T cell infiltration and upregulation of MHCII in microglia leads to accelerated neuronal loss in an α-synuclein rat model of Parkinson’s disease

Fig. 3

a-d Representative photomicrographs of MHCII staining for activated microglia in the SN region. e-h Representative photomicrographs of Iba1 staining for microglia in the SN region. a, e T cell deficient (nude) rats injected with AAV9-GFP (n = 10); b, f T cell deficient rats injected with AA9-human α-synuclein (αsyn) (n = 10); c, g T cell competent (heterozygous nude) rats injected with AAV9-GFP (n = 10); d, h T cell competent rats injected with AAV9-human α-synuclein (n = 10). i Bar graph shows the area units for MHC II staining for activated microglia in nude and heterozygous nude rats injected with either AAV9-GFP or AAV9-αsyn. The microglia get activated only in the heterozygous nude rats injected with AAV9-αsyn in SNpc region (Two-way ANOVA p < 0.001; treatment: F (1, 33) = 13.68, p < 0.001; genetic background: F (1, 33) = 13.48, p < 0.001; post hoc analysis: Tukey’s multiple comparison test, p = 0.0001). Both AAV9-αsyn and AAV9-GFP injected nude rats as well as heterozygous nude rats injected with AAV9-GFP do not show an increase in microglial activation 2-month post stereotactic surgery. j Bar graph shows the area units for Iba1 staining for microglia in nude and heterozygous nude rats injected with either AAV9-GFP or AAV9-αsyn in the SNpc region. Both nude and heterozygous nude rats injected with AAV9-αsyn showed increased number of Iba1 cells in SN region when compared to GFP injected controls. A significant difference was observed between nude and heterozygous nude rats injected with AAV9-αsyn (Two-way ANOVA p < 0.0001; treatment: F (1, 34) = 257.8, p < 0.0001; genetic background: F (1, 34) = 66.41, p < 0.0001; post hoc analysis: Tukey’s multiple comparison test). The bars in the graph represent mean ± standard error of the mean. k Representative photomicrographs of Iba1 and MHCII immunofluorescence staining microglia of nude and heterozygous nude rats injected with AAV9-αsyn in the SN region. The heterozygous nude rats injected with AAV9-αsyn showed activated microglia, whereas the microglia in nude rat counterparts did not have any activated microglia expressing MHCII. The activated microglia expressing MHCII are indicated with arrows

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