Fig. 4

Hv1 deficiency suppresses microglial ROS generation after SCI. a Representative confocal images of coronal sections showing IBA-1 (red) and 8 hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG) (green) at different time points post-SCI (scale bar, 50 μm). b Quantification of the fraction (%) of 8-OHG and IBA-1 double-positive cells (8-OHG⁺ IBA-1⁺ cells/IBA-1⁺ cells × 100) in sham-operated mice and at 1, 3, and 7 days following SCI. c Quantitative analysis of relative ROS levels (DCFH-DA fluorescent intensity normalized to that in sham mice). d Western blotting showing NOS2 and β-actin. e Quantification of NOS2 normalized to β-actin (from Western blotting). Data are represented as the mean ± SEM (n = 5 for each treatment; ^##p < 0.01, SCI vs. sham treatment; *p < 0.05 **p < 0.01, KO SCI vs. WT SCI)