Fig. 2

Immunohistochemical analysis to detect microglial activation. The sections from the hippocampus (a, b, c, and d, respectively), cortex (e, f, g, and h, respectively), thalamus (i, j, k, and l, respectively), cerebellum (m, n, o, and p, respectively), and pons (r, s, t, and u, respectively) of 4.5-month-old WT, Hexa−/−, Neu3−/−, and Hexa−/−Neu3−/− mice were stained with anti-Moma2 antibody (red), anti-lamp1 (green), and DAPI (blue). A yellow signal signifies the colocalization of Moma2 and lamp1 as an activated microglial cell. The histograms represent the quantification of activated microglial cells in the hippocampus (v), cortex (w) thalamus (x), cerebellum (y), and pons (z). Scale bar = 50 μm. The data are represented as the mean ± SEM. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.025, ***p < 0.01, and ****p < 0.001)