Fig. 4

BHB treatment attenuates NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the cortices of 5XFAD mice. Brain sections from 5XFAD mice maintained on regular water (n = 6) or BHB containing water (n = 6) were stained for Asc specks (red) and plaques (methoxy X04) (blue) (a) the number of Asc specks per high powered field in the cortex were determined using Imaris (b). Lysates from whole cortices of WT and 5XFAD mice maintained on regular water (n = 3/group) or BHB containing water (n = 3/group) were analyzed for caspase-1 and β-actin by immunoblot (c) and the density of the processed caspase-1 bands were normalized to the β-actin loading control (d). Supernatants from cortex homogenates of WT and 5XFAD mice maintained on regular water or BHB-containing water were analyzed for IL-1β by ELISA (e). Graphs show data as the mean ± SD with ****P ≤ 0.0001, ***P ≤ 0.001, and **P ≤ 0.01