Fig. 2

TDP-43 overexpression leads to the formation of extranuclear inclusions. a Western blot of total soluble and insoluble TDP-43 levels in the mouse frontal cortex. b Quantification of total soluble and insoluble TDP-43 levels. Statistical analysis was carried out using a one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test. c Quantification of the insoluble/soluble total TDP-43 and TDP-43 ratio. d Representative images depicting TDP-43 localization (red channel), as observed by fluorescent immunostaining and multi-photon microscopy, in the frontal cortex of mouse brain tissue. Hoechst 33342 is used as a nuclear counterstain (blue channel). Scale bar = 20 μm. e Quantification of total TDP-43 and extranuclear TDP-43 normalized to GFP control. Statistical analysis was carried out using a one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc test (n = 4 mice/group; *p < 0.05)