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Table 3 Effects of Tat and morphine on cytokine concentrations in the striatum of Tat transgenic mice that are not presented in Figs. 5 and 6

From: Escalating morphine dosing in HIV-1 Tat transgenic mice with sustained Tat exposure reveals an allostatic shift in neuroinflammatory regulation accompanied by increased neuroprotective non-endocannabinoid lipid signaling molecules and amino acids

Striatal cytokines

Genotype

Repeated saline

Repeated morphine

Genotype effect

drug effect

Genotype x drug

pg/mL

 

mean ± SEM

mean ± SEM

F1, 19

p

F1, 19

p

F1, 19

p

Proinflammatory Cytokines

 IL-2

Tat(−)

10.7 ± 0.61

10.7 ± 0.18

< 1.0

0.59

< 1.0

0.48

< 1.0

0.50

Tat(+)

10.6 ± 0.33

11.2 ± 0.12

 IL-6

Tat(−)

2.5 ± 0.08

3.2 ± 0.13

1.6

0.22

33.0

< 0.01

1.7

0.20

Tat(+)

2.5 ± 0.08

2.9 ± 0.13

 IFN-γ

Tat(−)

24.3 ± 0.63

24.9 ± 0.26

3.3

0.08

1.9

0.18

< 1.0

0.60

Tat(+)

22.6 ± 0.46

24.0 ± 1.40

 TNF-α

Tat(−)

45.1 ± 1.33

48.3 ± 1.58

< 1.0

0.87

2.9

0.11

< 1.0

0.68

Tat(+)

44.4 ± 1.47

49.9 ± 5.14

Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines

 IL-5

Tat(−)

2.2 ± 0.15

2.8 ± 0.09

1.7

0.20

26.0

< 0.01

< 1.0

0.99

Tat(+)

2.0 ± 0.08

2.7 ± 0.20

 IL-13

Tat(−)

36.9 ± 1.79

48.1 ± 0.99

3.4

0.08

39.6

< 0.01

< 1.0

0.54

Tat(+)

31.9 ± 0.93

45.7 ± 3.73

Chemokines

 CCL2

Tat(−)

42.2 ± 1.36

42.3 ± 1.08

13.6

< 0.01

< 1.0

0.60

< 1.0

0.60

Tat(+)

38.4 ± 1.01

37.1 ± 1.38

 CCL3

Tat(−)

8.3 ± 0.82

10.5 ± 1.08

< 1.0

0.66

3.2

0.09

< 1.0

0.45

Tat(+)

8.6 ± 0.63

9.5 ± 0.73

 CCL4

Tat(−)

48.8 ± 0.42

47.8 ± 0.84

18.4

< 0.01

3.4

0.08

< 1.0

0.61

Tat(+)

46.0 ± 0.93

44.2 ± 0.70

 CCL11

Tat(−)

99.9 ± 1.77

96.6 ± 1.24

2.2

0.15

1.3

0.27

< 1.0

0.85

Tat(+)

95.5 ± 3.53

91.0 ± 6.01

  1. Cytokine concentrations in the striatum of repeated (8-day) saline- or morphine-treated Tat(−) and Tat(+) mice. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM in pg/mL. Samples were loaded at 900 μg/mL total protein. Two-way ANOVAs for each CNS region were conducted with genotype and drug as between-subjects factors. F values and p values are presented from ANOVA results. Bolded values denote significant differences at α = 0.05; n = 5–6 mice per group. Additional cytokines and chemokines are represented in Figs. 5 and 6