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Table 2 Correlation between average PM10 levels 15 days before enrolment and expression level of the all tested molecules on CD4+ and CD8+

From: Air pollution as a contributor to the inflammatory activity of multiple sclerosis

Spearman’s Rho between mean of PM10 15 days before enrolment and:

Healthy Controls (n = 19)

MS patients (n = 57)

CD4 T cells

CD8 T cells

CD4 T cells

CD8 T cells

Activation markers

 CD69

− 0.2, p = 0.58

0.22, p = 0.55

0.08, p = 0.66

− 0.07, p = 0.70

 HLA DR3

0.22, p = 0.60

0.35, p = 0.40

− 0.14, p = 0.53

− 0.30, p = 0.18

 CD38

0.31, p = 0.45

0.36, p = 0.38

0.004, p = 0.99

0.01, p = 0.96

Adhesion and migration markers

 CD44

0.13, p = 0.6

0.45, p = 0.06

0.22, p = 0.1

0.23, p = 0.08

 VLA4

− 0.05, p = 0.84

0.13, p = 0.6

0.17, p = 0.21

0.12, p = 0.36

 LFA1

0.02, p = 0.92

0.17, p = 0.5

0.26, p = 0.05

− 0.11, p = 0.44

 CCR6

− 0.02, p = 0.93

− 0.22, p = 0.37

0.43, p = 0.001

0.23, p = 0.09

 CXCR3

− 0.02, p = 0.94

− 0.01, p = 0.96

0.10, p = 0.44

0.03, p = 0.83

  1. Values indicated are Spearman’s Rho coefficient, p value