Fig. 5

Ab-T1 improves cognition and attenuates neuroinflammation in AD 5xFAD Mice. a Five-month-old female mice treated with sham (PBS) and human IgG (10 mg/kg) showed cognitive impairment as indicated by the discrimination Index (DI) for the object recognition testing session (NOR) compared to Ab-T1 (10 mg/kg) treated mice (n = 9–10, two-tailed student’s t test, **P = 0.0019, *P = 0.0027) (b) and by the increase in latency to platform in the MWM probe test (two-tailed student’s t test, **P = 0.006, *P = 0.029). Error bars represent standard error of the mean. c TNFα, IL-1b, and IL-6 mRNA levels were detected using TaqMan real-time PCR in purified brain homogenates. The y-axis represents the fold-change in expression compared to no treatment (sham). GAPDH was used as “housekeeping” gene (two-tailed student’s t test, **P = 0.01, *P = 0.016). d Discrimination Index (DI) for the object recognition testing session (NOR) after 8 weeks of treatment dysfunction in young 5xFAD mice. (n = 7, two-tailed student’s t test, *P = 0.033). The result in the NOR can vary between + 100 and − 100, where a positive score indicates more time spent with the novel object, a negative score indicates more time spent with the familiar object, and a zero score indicates a null preference