Fig. 1
From: Diesel exhaust impairs TREM2 to dysregulate neuroinflammation
Diesel exhaust impairs TREM2 expression during neuroinflammation. WKY rats were exposed to diesel exhaust (0, 50, 150, or 500 μg/m3) by inhalation for 4 weeks. Representative images taken at × 40 of IBA-1 immunofluorescence in the hippocampus are shown (n = 3). The scale bar depicts 50 μm (a). In the hippocampus, the number of microglia with a volume greater than 600 μm (hypertrophic microglia) (b), the average branch length per microglia (c), and the total number of microglia (d) were counted in the slices were assessed. Tnf (TNFα) mRNA levels were measured in the frontal cortex (e) and hippocampus (f). Trem2 mRNA levels were assessed in the hippocampus (g) and frontal cortex (h). mRNA levels were analyzed by qRT-PCR and normalized to Gapdh using the 2−ΔΔCT method. i Frontal cortex TREM2 protein levels were analyzed by ELISA. Data are reported as the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05 when compared to control. #p < 0.05 compared between exposure groups (n = 7)