Skip to main content
Fig. 1 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 1

From: Functional characteristics of Th1, Th17, and ex-Th17 cells in EAE revealed by intravital two-photon microscopy

Fig. 1

EAE courses depend on T-cell differentiation and transfer protocols. a Experimental protocols to skew naïve CD4+CD62L+ toward Th17 or Th1 cells. b IL-18 increases pathogenicity of Th1 cells. Animals were injected with Th1 cells differentiated with (black line) or without IL-18 (grey line). n = 12 animals per group. Mean clinical score and SEM shown. c The onset of disease is dependent on the restimulation of Th17 cells, whereas the clinical course remains unchanged. Mice received 10 mio Th17 cells without restimulation, or were restimulated once or twice. Group size 5–9 animals per group. Mean clinical score and SEM shown. d IL-17 expression levels correlate with the onset of disease symptoms. Data from eight independent EAEs shown. Day of disease onset marks day of first mouse showing EAE symptoms. IL-17 production was measured on the day of transfer using flow cytometry. Line marks linear regression; Spearman’s r is provided. e Disease onset and severity is dependent on the amount of transferred Th17 cells. n = 15 animals per group. Mean clinical score and SEM shown. f Disease courses dependent on Th1 or Th17 application. One representative experiment shown, n = 6 animals per group. † EAE had to be terminated due to animal protection regulations (including weight loss and overall appearance); normal disease course in this model. g Quantification of typical and atypical disease courses upon Th1 or Th17 application. Data from at least four independent experiments with group sizes of 25–40 animals. h Representative examples of disease courses of individual mice

Back to article page