The good, the bad, and the opportunities of the complement system in neurodegenerative disease

Table 1 CNS cell-specific upregulation of complement component genes in humans and animal models of neurodegenerative diseases

	AD	ALS	Stroke	Epilepsy	TBI	MS
Microglia	C1q, C3, CR4, C3aR [16, 17]	CR4, C1q [22]	C1q [23]	ND	CR4, C1inh, C1s, C3, C4 [24]	C3, CD40, CR4, CR3 [25, 26]
Astrocytes	C4, C3, C1inh, clusterin [17, 21, 27]	ND	C4, C1rb, C1ra, C1s, C1inh [28]	ND	C1q [29]	C3, C1inh, CR4, C3, C4, C1q [30]
Neurons	C1q, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, C9 [31]	C1q, C4, C3 [32], C1q, C5aR1; CD55 is downregulated [33, 34]	C5, C5aR [35, 36]	ND	ND	ND
Oligodendrocytes	C4 [18]	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND

ISSN: 1742-2094