Fig. 6

OA treatment modulated intestinal barrier function in differentiated Caco-2 cell monolayers subjected to an inflammatory stimulus. Caco-2 cells were pretreated for 30 min with different doses of OA, and then stimulated with 100 ng/ml of TNFα for 24 h. a Representative immunofluorescence images of ZO-1. The three-dimensional projections show the ZO-1 profiles under the indicated treatments. b (a) Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was tested at different time points, up to 24 h. TEER values at 24 h normalized to the untreated control (100%) are also showed. b (b) Transportation of FITC-dextran (FD-40) from apical to basolateral wells. The assay were performed in triplicates, n = 3. Results were expressed as the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.001 and **p < 0.01 vs control; and ^‡p < 0.001 and ^‡‡p < 0.01 vs stimuli without OA