Table 1 Demographic, cognitive, and neuropathological characteristics
NCI (N = 15) | MCI (N = 15) | mAD (N = 14) | Total (N = 44) | Overall p value | Pairwise comparisons | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) at death | Mean ± SD Range | 85.20 ± 4.27 (78–94) | 86.65 ± 5.02 (79–95) | 88.29 ± 4.70 (76–95) | 86.68 ± 4.74 (76–95) | 0.16* | – |
Number of males (%) | 6 (50) | 6 (40) | 5 (36) | 17 (39) | 0.96† | – | |
Years of education | Mean ± SD Range | 17.20 ± 3.80 (10–23) | 17.53 ± 2.97 (10–20) | 18.57 ± 3.98 (9–26) | 17.75 ± 3.56 (9–26) | 0.67* | – |
Number ApoE ε4 allele (%) | 0 (0) | 4 (27) | 4 (27) | 8 (18) | 0.08† | – | |
MMSE | Mean ± SD Range | 28.13 ± 1.51 (26–30) | 27.13 ± 2.67 (22–30) | 21.29 ± 4.83 (14–28) | 25.61 ± 4.38 (14–30) | < 0.001* | NCI, MCI > mAD |
GCS | Mean ± SD Range | − 0.02 ± 0.27 (− 0.36–0.42) | − 0.45 ± 0.35 (− 1.20–0.04) | − 1.15 ± 0.53 (− 2.07–0.08) | − 0.52 ± 0.60 (− 2.07–0.42) | < 0.001* | NCI > MCI > mAD |
Episodic memory z-score | Mean ± SD Range | 0.39 ± 0.37 (− 0.41–0.91) | − 0.27 ± 0.43 (− 1.00–0.64) | − 1.47 ± 0.86 (− 3.11–0.08) | − 0.43 ± 0.96 (− 3.11–0.91) | < 0.001* | NCI > mAD |
Semantic memory z-score | Mean ± SD Range | − 0.28 ± 0.76 (− 1.44–1.08) | − 0.41 ± 0.60 (− 1.58–0.60) | − 0.72 ± 0.83 (− 2.96–0.16) | − 0.47 ± 0.74 (− 2.96–1.08) | 0.30* | – |
Working memory z-score | Mean ± SD Range | − 0.09 ± 0.47 (− 0.96–0.48) | − 0.35 ± 0.69 (− 1.32–1.08) | − 0.60 ± 0.62 (− 1.78–0.57) | − 0.34 ± 0.62 (− 1.78–1.08) | 0.10* | – |
Perceptual speed z-score | Mean ± SD Range | − 0.56 ± 0.65 (− 1.63–0.45) | − 0.90 ± 0.60 (− 2.08–0.04) | − 2.06 ± 0.88 (− 3.38 − − 0.54) | − 1.15 ± 0.95 (− 3.38–0.45) | < 0.001* | NCI, MCI > mAD |
Visuospatial z-score | Mean ± SD Range | − 0.32 ± 0.59 (− 1.24–0.74) | − 0.84 ± 0.63 (− 1.68–0.44) | − 0.97 ± 0.64 (− 2.12–0.30) | − 0.70 ± 0.67 (− 2.12–0.74) | 0.03* | NCI > MCI, mAD |
Post-mortem interval (h) | Mean ± SD Range | 5.55 ± 2.16 (1–9) | 5.74 ± 2.18 (2–10) | 4.69 ± 2.40 (1–10) | 5.35 ± 2.24 (1–10) | 0.27* | – |
Brain weight (g) | Mean ± SD Range | 1190.80 ± 89.54 (1000–1320) | 1179.47 ± 142.41 (990–1480) | 1144.79 ± 112.51 (962–1320) | 1172.30 ± 115.86 (962–1480) | 0.54* | – |
Distribution Braak scores | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.74† | – |
I/II | 2 | 2 | 4 | 8 | |||
III/IV | 12 | 11 | 7 | 30 | |||
V/VI | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 | |||
NIA Reagan | No AD | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.30† | – |
Low | 7 | 8 | 4 | 19 | |||
Intermediate | 8 | 5 | 7 | 20 | |||
High | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 | |||
CERAD | No AD | 4 | 6 | 2 | 12 | 0.32† | – |
Possible | 6 | 6 | 5 | 17 | |||
Probable | 3 | 1 | 1 | 5 | |||
Definite | 2 | 2 | 6 | 10 | |||