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Fig. 3 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 3

From: Exosome-shuttled miR-216a-5p from hypoxic preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells repair traumatic spinal cord injury by shifting microglial M1/M2 polarization

Fig. 3

Administration of HExos following SCI promoted microglia/macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 phenotype in vivo. a The concentration of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in PBS, Exos and HExos groups (n = 8/group). b The mRNA expression levels of M1- and M2-related genes were detected by qRT-PCR (n = 8/group). c The protein levels of M1- and M2-related genes were detected by western blot analysis (n = 8/group). d–f Representative immunostaining image of Iba1 (red) and iNOS/Arg1 (green) in the injured spinal cord lesion areas at day 3 post-injury and the analysis of iNOS/Arg1-positive microglia/macrophage in the traumatic lesion area (n = 8/group). *P < 0.05 between the PBS and Exos groups, #P < 0.05 between the Exos and HExos groups

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Journal of Neuroinflammation

ISSN: 1742-2094