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Fig. 8 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 8

From: Activated STAT3 signaling pathway by ligature-induced periodontitis could contribute to neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in rats

Fig. 8

Effects of ligature-induced periodontitis on inflammatory cytokines in the cortex. RT-PCR and ELISA were performed to detect mRNA and protein levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-21) in the cortex. Periodontal ligature induced high expression of inflammatory factors on both mRNA and proteins in comparison to the control group, while these changes were prevented by CTS. The mRNA level of cytokines in the plasma in each group: a IL-1β (n = 4, F = 4.474, p = 0.0250), b IL-6 (n = 4, F = 11.3, p = 0.008), c IL-8 (n = 4, F = 5.979, p = 0.0098), and d IL-21 (n = 4, F = 10.83, p = 0.0010). The protein level of cytokines in cortex in each group: e IL-1β (n = 5, F = 9.945, p = 0.0006), f IL-6 (n = 5, F = 17.13, p < 0.0001), g IL-8 (n = 5, F = 4.744, p = 0.0149), h IL-21 (n = 5, F = 12.36, p = 0.0002). (n = 4–5 per group, one-way ANOVA, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 compared to the control group; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, and ###p < 0.001 compared to the CP group)

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