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Fig. 7 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 7

From: Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 inhibits α-synuclein-induced microglia inflammation to protect from neurotoxicity in Parkinson’s disease

Fig. 7

Activation of mGluR5 exerted the anti-inflammatory effects in an AAV-α-syn-induced rat PD model. a Schematic illustration of the administration of MTEP or urate to AAV-α-syn-injected rats. bd The apomorphine-induced rotation test (b), the rota-rod test (c), and the open field test (d) were performed at 4 weeks after AAV injection. eh Representative images of TH immunoreactivity in the SN (e, scale bar, 500 μm) and STR (f, scale bar, 1000 μm). Quantification of TH-positive cells in SN was shown as the number of TH-positive cells in intact side and lesioned side (g). Quantification of TH-positive fibers in STR was shown as the ratio of the lesioned to the intact side (h). i α-syn-GFP (green), Iba-1 (gray), and TH (red) were immunolabeled in SN at 4 weeks after AAV-GFP or AAV-α-syn injection accompanied by MTEP or urate administration, and images were captured by confocal microscopy. Arrowheads indicate intracellular α-syn in microglia. Scale bar, 250 μm or 20 μm. jo Representative images of Iba-1 immunofluorescence staining in SN (j, scale bar, 50 μm) and STR (m, scale bar, 50 μm). Quantitative analysis of Iba-1-positive cells in SN (k) and STR (n), and the quantification of branch length and cell body diameter of Iba-1-positive cells in lesioned of SN (l) and STR (o). ps Proteins from tissue lysates were analyzed by western blotting (p). Quantification of protein expression was normalized to GAPDH (TH, mGluR5, α-syn) and β-tubulin (iNOS, IL-1β, TNF-α). The p-JNK and p-NF-κB p65 levels were normalized to total JNK and NF-κB p65, respectively (q-s). Data shown in all panels in this figure represent mean ± SD (n ≥ 6). The statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test. Vehicle groups with AAV-GFP virus delivery served as control. *p < 0.05, ** < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 versus AAV-GFP delivery; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, and ###p < 0.001 versus the AAV-α-synuclein (α-syn) delivery; ns, not significant

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