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Fig. 3 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 3

From: Microglia as target for anti-inflammatory approaches to prevent secondary brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)

Fig. 3

Neuronal cell death after SAH (day 14). a Representative immunofluorescence staining of neuronal nuclei (NeuN, green) and cell death (TUNEL, red). Images of each group are displayed as single staining results for NeuN and TUNEL in a smaller scale and a fused image in large scale displaying both cells (green or red) and co-staining (yellow), as well as nuclei (DAPI, blue). Scale bar = 100 μm. In Sham animals (upper left), dying neurons could only scarcely be detected (12.2 ± 4.453 dying neurons/brain section). SAH induced significant neuronal cell death, as documented before (141,821 ± 60,866 dying neurons/brain section, upper right, p < 0.0001 vs. Sham). Preconditioning by LPS successfully prevented neuronal cell death (78.4 ± 28.625 dying neurons/brain section, lower left, p < 0.01 vs. SAH), as did PLX3397 treatment (92.5 ± 37.267 dying neurons/brain section, lower right, p<0.05 vs. SAH). Still, more neuronal cell death was documented in both treatment groups, when compared to sham animals (p < 0.01 LPS vs. Sham, p < 0.001 PLX3397 vs. Sham). b Mean cells counts and standard deviations displayed in bar diagram showing the significant differences in neuronal cell death between the four treatment groups as described above. n = 5 per group, ANOVA: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001

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