Fig. 6

Inhibition of JNK and STAT3 signaling on CytoM-stimulated inflammatory responses in astrocytes. A Effects of SP600125 and AG490 on CytoM-induced IL-1β and IL-6 release and iNOS expression. Cells were pretreated with 10 μM of SP600125 or AG490 for 30 min prior to stimulation with CytoM for 24 h. Values were expressed relative to the one stimulated with CytoM alone, which was set as 100. Data are means ± SE, n = 3. B Effects of SP600125 and AG490 on JNK and STAT3 activation. Cells were pretreated with 10 μM of SP600125 or AG490 for 30 min prior to stimulation with CytoM for 30 min. Levels of p-JNK1 and p-STAT3 were quantified and normalized to the total JNK1 and STAT3 levels. Data are means ± SE, n = 4. Statistical comparisons were performed using two-way ANOVA. Different letters and asterisk indicate p < 0.05. IL-1β, interleukin 1β; IL-6, interleukin 6