Fig. 4

Quantification of immune cell populations in circulating blood at 24 h post-LPS (i.e., 5 days post-surgery) and 4 days post-LPS (i.e., 8 days post-surgery). All cell types are shown as representative percentage of live cells (a–g). CD45⁺ cells were not overall changed after injury or treatment (a). Macrophages were significantly higher at 4 days (but not at 24 h) in the blood of LPS-treated mice (b). Similarly, monocytes were significantly higher at 4 days, showing a treatment effect and independent injury effect (c). Neutrophils showed a non-significant trend toward an effect of LPS at 4 days (d). B cells were not changed at any time point in LPS-treated mice (e); whereas T cytotoxic cells were reduced after LPS acutely (24 h) but resolved by 4 days (f). T helper cells were significantly reduced at 24 h but resolved by 4 days (g), showing a robust response to LPS; effect of LPS; and effect of injury from two-way ANOVA. *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01; n = 5–8/group