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Fig. 2 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 2

From: Beyond the lesion site: minocycline augments inflammation and anxiety-like behavior following SCI in rats through action on the gut microbiota

Fig. 2

Minocycline treatment altered the microglial density and morphology around the lesion site. a IBA1 immunohistochemical marker was used to visualize the microglia in the cervical spinal cord at C4, at the maximum lesion site (C5), and caudal to the lesion site at C6. Representative spinal cord images are shown from each group at C4 (b), C5 (c), and C6 (d). Quantification of the area of IBA+ staining is shown at C4 (e), C5 (f), and C6 (g) on the contralesional (left graphs) and ipsilesional (right graphs) spinal cord. Microglial morphology in the ventral gray matter was assessed by quantifying the length and number of endpoints per cell. h Image of a ramified microglia and i the automated analysis shows the soma in blue, processes in red, and the endpoints in green. j Image of an activated microglia and k the corresponding output of the analysis. Quantification of the average process length per cell is shown at C4 (l), C5 (m), and C6 (n) on the contralesional (left graphs) and ipsilesional (right graphs) spinal cord. Quantification of the average number of process endpoints per cell is shown at C4 (o), C5 (p), and C6 (q) on the contralesional (left graphs) and ipsilesional (right graphs) spinal cord. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean. Colored asterisks represent which group is significantly different. Scale bar represents 1 mm. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001

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