Serum GFAP and NfL as disease severity and prognostic biomarkers in patients with aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder

Table 3 Association of baseline sGFAP and sNfL with disease duration and time since last attack

sGFAP						sNfL
Time between baseline visit and	Patient group (n)	η_ρ² for interaction, p	Std. effect size	β (95% CI)	p	η_ρ² for interaction, p	Std. effect size	β (95% CI)	p
First manifestation of disease^a	AQP4-IgG⁺ (33)	0.05, p = 0.14	0.18	0.20 (− 0.84–1.24)	0.70	0.02, p = 0.40	− 1.27	− 1.37 (− 2.92–0.19)	0.08
First manifestation of disease^a	MOG-IgG⁺ (16)	0.05, p = 0.14	− 0.96	− 1.10 (− 2.58–0.38)	0.14	0.02, p = 0.40	− 1.99	− 2.14 (− 3.68 to − 0.60)	0.008
Last attack^a	AQP4-IgG⁺ (33)	0.03, p = 0.25	0.41	0.46 (− 0.55–1.47)	0.37	< 0.01, p = 0.80	− 1.22	− 1.32 (− 2.88–0.25)	0.10
Last attack^a	MOG-IgG⁺ (16)	0.03, p = 0.25	-0.47	− 0.53 (− 1.96–0.91)	0.46	< 0.01, p = 0.80	− 0.99	− 1.08 (− 2.63–0.48)	0.17

^aLinear models using log-transformed sGFAP and sNfL and time interval values, adjusted for age. Furthermore, an interaction term of baseline sGFAP or sNFL (log-transformed) and group was included to assess the statistical significance of inter group differences
AQP4-IgG aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G, β regression coefficient, CI confidence interval, η_ρ² partial eta-squared, MOG-IgG myelin oligodendrocyte protein immunoglobulin G, n number, NMOSD neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, sGFAP serum glial fibrillary acidic protein, sNfL serum neurofilament light chain protein, std. effect size standardized effect size

ISSN: 1742-2094