Fig. 5

M1-phenotype and M2-phenotype of Microglia in all groups. a Representative photomicrographs of iNOS and Iba1, iNOS and NeuN double labeling cells in APP/PS1 mice. b Representative photomicrographs of iNOS-labeled cells morphology. c The number of microglia expressing iNOS and d neuron expressing iNOS in PtA and hippocampus of all groups. The data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 4/group) in the different experimental groups. e The mRNA levels of IL-1β in cortex and hippocampus. The data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 4/group) in the different experimental groups. f Representative photomicrographs of CD206 positive cells and g the number of positive cells in PtA and hippocampus of all groups. h IL-10, i Fizz1, and j YM1 mRNA levels in PtA and hippocampus. The data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 4/group) in the different experimental groups. #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 vs WT mice; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs APP/PS1 mice