Fig. 4

FoxO3 transcriptionally activated SPHK1 expression. a Relative SPHK1 protein levels in cells transfected with sh-NC or sh-FoxO3. b Predicted binding sites of FoxO3 in SPHK1 promoter. c EMSA to determine the interaction between FoxO3 and SPHK1 promoter. d ChIP to analyze FoxO3/SPHK1 promoter interaction. e  Quantification of relative abundance of FoxO3 bound to SPHK1 promoter. All the results were shown as mean ± SD (n = 3), which were three different experiments performed in triplicate. *P < 0.05, ***P < 0.01