Fig. 3

Effect of Ac2-26 on microglial/macrophage polarization in the peri-infarct cortex at 3 days post-tMCAO/R. a–b Representative photographs of double immunostaining and quantitative analyses of microglial/macrophage polarization. M1-phenotype: CD16/32⁺ (red) and Iba-1⁺ (green); M2-phenotype: CD206⁺ (red) and Iba-1⁺ (green). Scale bar = 200 μm. c–d Representative western blotting bands and densitometric quantifications of activated microglial/macrophage marker Iba-1, M1-phenotype markers (CD16 and iNOS), and M2-phenotype markers (CD206 and Arg-1). e qRT-PCR analyses of mRNA expressions of M1-phenotype markers (CD16, CD32, and iNOS) and M2-phenotype markers (CD206, Arg-1, and YM1). f ELISA analyses of the expressions of a pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β (M1-phenotype) and an anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 (M2-phenotype). Data were presented as the mean ± SD (n = 6/group) and were analyzed by independent samples t test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001