Fig. 4

Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) localization, KCC2 expression, cell proliferation, and survival are altered by the acute anti-inflammatory treatment after UVN. A Confocal analysis of GR and nucleus (DAPI) localization in the deafferented medial VNs of a representative animal in sham, UVN + placebo, and UVN + met groups at d3 and d30 post-UVN. Scale bar, 50 mm. N = 4 animals per group. D Histograms showing the effects of vestibular lesion combined with placebo or acute anti-inflammatory treatment on the mean percentage of GR nuclear localization, quantified by the percentage of GR/DAPI ir-cells in the deafferented medial VNs at d3 and d30 post-UVN. C Confocal analysis of KCC2 expression in the deafferented medial VNs of a representative animal in sham, UVN + placebo, and UVN + met groups at d3 and d30 post-UVN. Scale bar, 20 mm. N = 4 animals per group. D Histograms showing the effects of the lesion combined with placebo or acute anti-inflammatory treatment on the mean KCC2 immunofluorescence intensity in the deafferented medial VNs at d3 and d30 post-UVN. E Confocal analysis of proliferative cells immunostained with BrdU in the deafferented medial VNs of a representative animal in sham, UVN + placebo, and UVN + met groups at d3 and d30 post-UVN. Scale bar, 50 mm. N = 4 animals per group. F Histograms showing the effects of the lesion combined with placebo or acute anti-inflammatory treatment on the number of Brdu immunoreactive cells in the deafferented medial VNs at d3 and d30 post-UVN. Each data point represents the mean number of immunoreactive cells, with error bars representing SEM. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001, 2 two-way ANOVA, post hoc Tukey: the sham and UVN + placebo comparison is indicated by a blue*; the sham and UVN + met comparison is indicated by a green*; and the UVN + placebo and UVN + met comparison is indicated by a red*