T-cell dysregulation is associated with disease severity in Parkinson’s Disease

Table 1 Clinical, demographic and T-cell characteristics of the experimental cohorts

	n	Age	Sex (f/m)	Age at diagnosis	Disease duration	Progression rate	Disease severity	T-cells
	n	Age	Sex (f/m)	Age at diagnosis	Disease duration	Progression rate	Disease severity	% CD3 +	% CD4 +	% CD8 +
Immunophenotyping (Figs. 1, 2)	36	Information available: n = 36/36						Information available: n = 36/36
Mean ± stdev		70.3 ± 9.5	12/24	60.0 ± 9.8	10.3 ± 6.0	0.33 ± 0.32	2.4 ± 0.94	11.5 ± 5.4	7.8 ± 3.4	2.4 ± 2.5
Median (interq. range)		72.1 (63.8–78.1)	12/24	62.5 (52.8–66.0)	8.7 (7.0–14.8)	0.25 (0.20–0.40)	2.0 (1.0–3.0)	9.8 (8.6–13.2)	6.7 (6.0–8.4)	1.8 (1.1–2.9)
Gene expession (Fig. 3)	16	Information available: n = 16/16						Information available: n = 10/16
Mean ± stdev		68.1 ± 9.6	4/12	58.7 ± 11.2	9.4 ± 7.5	0.44 ± 0.58	2.3 ± 0.99	14.7 ± 7.6	9.4 ± 4.5	3.9 ± 4.1
Median (interq. range)		70.5 (64.0–74.0)	4/12	59.0 (47.8–67.8)	7.0 (5.0–11.0)	0.22 (0.19–0.50)	2.0 (1.5–2.6)	10.9 (9.3–19.5)	6.7 (6.4–12.1)	2.8 (1.7–4.1)
T-cell function (Fig. 4)	23	Information available: n = 23/23						Information available: n = 0/23
Mean ± stdev		68.9 ± 10.5	6/17	60.2 ± 9.2	8.7 ± 6.2	0.51 ± 0.46	2.4 ± 1.0	–
Median (interq. range)		67.0 (63.5–78.5)	6/17	60.0 (51.5–69.0)	8.0 (3.0–13.5)	0.31 (0.24–0.83)	2.0 (2.0–3.0)	–

	n	Medication						Comorbidities
	n	No medication	Levodopa	Dopamine Agonists	COMT Inhibitors	MAO-B Inhibitors	DOPA-decarboxylase Inhibitors	No comorbidities	Dementia	Hallucinations	Other comorbidities
Immunophenotyping (Figs. 1, 2)	36	Information available: n = 32/36						Information available: n = 33/36
n	36	0/32	28/32	22/32	18/32	14/32	28/32	3/33	1/33	5/33	30/33
Gene expression (Fig. 3)	16	Information available: n = 13/16						Information available: n = 13/16
n	16	0/13	12/13	9/13	6/13	4/13	12/13	2/13	1/13	3/13	11/13
T-cell function (Fig. 4)	23	Information available: n = 23/23						Information available: n = 0/23
n	23	0/23	14/23	12/23	8/23	13/23	14/23	–

Continuous variables presented as mean ± standard deviation (“stdev”) and median with interquartile range (“interq. range”, 1. and 3. quartile). Side effects from medication are not included in comorbidities. Comorbidities listed under “Others”: Anxiety disorder, atherosclerosis, bursitis, Carpal tunnel syndrome, cholelithiasis, chronic kidney failure, chronic venous insufficiency, reactive collagenosis, convex scoliosis, COPD, coronary bypass, coronary heart disease, Crohn’s disease, degenerative joint disease, degenerative spine disease, depression, diplopia, dorsal funiculus symptoms, heart arrythmia with atrial fibrillation, heart valve fibrosis, heart valve sclerosis, hemodynamic orthostatic vertigo, hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipoproteinemia, hyperopia, hyperparathyroidism, hypertension, hyperuricemia, hypothyroidism, inclusion body myositis, lactose intolerance, lentigo maligna, lumbago, mitral insufficiency, myalgia, myopathy, nephrolithiasis, osteochondrosis, osteoporosis, chronic pain syndrome, polyarthritis, prostatic adenoma, sensorymotor polyneuropathy, sleep apnea, spinal disc herniation, supraventricular extrasystole, tachycardia, thrombophlebitis, tinnitus, type 2 diabetes, vitamin B12 deficiency
COMT catechol-O-methyltransferase, MAO-B Monoamine oxidase B, DOPA 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine

ISSN: 1742-2094