Fig. 5

Selective anti-inflammatory effect of EP2 antagonist in two-hit 5xFAD females. A–E Effect of single-hit (genetic) and two-hit (genetic and environmental) on neuroinflammatory markers in brain neocortex of 5xFAD female mice treated with or without EP2 antagonist TG11-77.HCl. The fold changes in 5xFAD groups (single-hit—genetic or two-hit) were normalized to their respective nTg groups (no-hit or single-hit—environmental). F Pairwise effect of TG11-77.HCl treatment in single-hit—genetic females. G Pairwise effect of TG11-77.HCl treatment in two-hit females. For individual endpoint analysis two-way ANOVA (hit, treatment) with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test was applied (A–E). For group analysis between vehicle and TG11-77.HCl treatment among different hits, paired t test was applied for the series of pro-inflammatory genes (F, G). P values were set to be significant at * ≤ 0.05, ** ≤ 0.01 and **** ≤ 0.0001. Data are mean ± SEM