Fig. 8

B cells promoted the differentiation of Tfh cells induced by AGEs in vitro. AGEs were added to the culture of purified T cells only or with B cells, NK cells, or DCs for 72 h, respectively. The percentages of Tfh cells were analyzed by flow cytometry (A). B cells were cultured with AGEs for 48 h and the phenotype referred to MHC II (B), CD80 (C), CD86 (D), and CD40 (E) were calculated by flow cytometry. Data were from two independent experiments and expressed as mean ± SEM. The significance of differences was assessed by the Unpaired Student’s t test. ns means not significant, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.01