Fig. 6

Effects of rifaximin on neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampal DG of CUMS rats. a Immunofluorescence for DCX (red) and DAPI (blue) in the DG. b Length measurement of DCX⁺ cells. c Number of newborn neurons (DCX⁺). d Length of DCX⁺ cells. e Number of immature neurons (Ki67⁺/NeuN⁺). f Immunofluorescence for Ki67 (red) and NeuN (green) in the DG. g Immunofluorescence image depicting the migration of immature neurons (Ki67⁺/NeuN⁺). h Width of granule cell layer. W: the distance between the center of Ki67⁺/NeuN⁺ cell and the subgranular zone. h Width of the GCL. i Migration index of immature neurons. j Number of mature neurons (NeuN⁺). Values represent the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 vs. the CON group; ^#P < 0.05, ^##P < 0.01, ^###P < 0.001 vs. the CUMS group