Fig. 3
adapted from the Allen Institute. The DG granule cell layer area, as measured using ImageJ, was significantly greater in the WT-Saline, PS19-TfRMAb-TNFR, and PS19-Etanercept mice compared to PS19-Saline controls (B). Scatter plot showing that AT8-positive area (%) was negatively correlated with the total hippocampal neuronal cell area (C; Pearson r = -0.42, p < 0.05). PSD95 (synaptic/neuronal health marker) protein level in the whole-brain homogenates detected by Western blotting was significantly increased in the PS19-TfRMAb-TNFR and PS19-Etanercept mice compared to PS19-Saline controls (D). Data are presented as mean ± SEM of 6–11 mice per treatment group (3–7 per sex per group). For H&E staining, n = 6 mice per treatment group. For the PSD95 Western, n = 7–11 mice per treatment group. Male and female mice were combined due to a lack of sex-related effects. One-way ANOVA with Holm–Sidak’s post hoc test was used to compare to PS19-Saline controls. *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001, and ****p < 0.0001
Effect of TNF-α inhibitors on neuronal health. Representative images of H&E-stained hippocampal granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus (DG) in the PS19 mice (A). Scale bar = 200 μm. The thumbnail images showing the DG regions that were imaged are taken and