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Fig. 1 | Journal of Neuroinflammation

Fig. 1

From: RhANP attenuates endotoxin-derived cognitive dysfunction through subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve-mediated gut microbiota–brain axis

Fig. 1

Effects of rhANP on plasma inflammatory cytokines after LPS-triggered endotoxemia. a Treatment schedule. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharides (LPS, 5 mg/kg) or 0.9% saline. Recombinant human ANP (rhANP; 1.0 mg/kg) or 0.9% saline were intraperitoneally injected to mice 24 h before and 10 min after LPS injection. Spleen and plasma were collected 24 h after injection of LPS or 0.9% saline. b Body weight loss in mice treated with rhANP or 0.9% saline 24 h after injection of LPS or 0.9% saline (one-way ANOVA: F2,27 = 58.21, P < 0.0001). c Representative picture of spleen and spleen weight (one-way ANOVA: F2,28 = 27.53, P < 0.0001). d Ratio of spleen weight/body weight (one-way ANOVA: F2,28 = 20.17, P < 0.0001). e Plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6 (one-way ANOVA: F2,28 = 65.35, P < 0.0001). f Plasma levels of IL-17A (one-way ANOVA: F2,28 = 16.82, P < 0.0001). g Plasma levels of interferon (IFN)-γ (one-way ANOVA: F2,28 = 12.62, P < 0.0001). h Plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (one-way ANOVA: F2,28 = 51.43, P < 0.0001). i There was a positive correlation (r = 0.797, P < 0.001) between spleen weight and plasma IL-6. j There was a positive correlation (r = 0.629, P < 0.001) between spleen weight and plasma IL-17A. k There was a positive correlation (r = 0.479, P = 0.006) between spleen weight and plasma IFN-γ. l Positive correlation (r = 0.637, P < 0.001) between spleen weight and plasma TNF-α was observed. Data are shown as mean ± SEM, n = 10 or 11/group. **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.0001

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